نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
The present study aims to elucidate the theological framework of defensive war in the Holy Quran. In the current global climate, characterized by Islamophobia and misconceptions regarding the concept of *Jihad*, which often project an image of violence onto Islam, it is critically necessary to investigate the epistemological and ethical foundations of legitimate defense. Using a descriptive-analytical method and library research, this paper extracts and analyzes Quranic teachings in this domain. The findings demonstrate that this theology is grounded in monotheistic and justice-oriented principles, with core components including the "defense of the oppressed" (*musta'dafin*), the "rejection of tyranny" (*taghut*), the "tradition of trial" (*ibtila'*), and "divine victory" (*nusrat*). The function of this theology extends beyond merely ensuring security, encompassing educational, civilizational, and identity-forming dimensions. By establishing precise ethical principles—such as the prohibition of aggression, adherence to proportionality, and the protection of non-combatants—the Quran draws a clear distinction between legitimate resistance and extremist violence. A comparative analysis with the Western "Just War" theory reveals fundamental differences in their theological and teleological foundations. Consequently, within the Quranic paradigm, legitimate defense is not merely a military act but an integral part of a comprehensive moral-theological system dedicated to upholding truth, justice, and human dignity.
کلیدواژهها English
